How to Choose a Bodybuilding Supplement That Actually Builds Muscle
The bodybuilding aisle is full of underdosed formulas and big promises. Training and enough protein do most of the work; a few supplements add a measurable extra.
- Creatine monohydrate (about 3–5 g a day): the International Society of Sports Nutrition (ISSN) says creatine consistently improves high-intensity exercise performance and training adaptations, and that long-term use has been safe and well tolerated in healthy people. Monohydrate is the form behind that research; pricier forms have no advantage we could verify.
- Protein, including whey (20–40 g per serving): the ISSN recommends 1.4–2.0 g of protein per kg of body weight a day for most people who exercise, in doses of 20–40 g containing 700–3,000 mg of leucine. Food counts; powder is a convenience.
- Beta-alanine, HMB, citrulline: each has some trial support for specific kinds of training or groups, with smaller effects than creatine. Check the dose on the label against the study before paying extra.
- "SARM" claims. The FDA warns that products containing SARMs are unapproved drugs, that "life-threatening reactions, including liver injuries that required hospitalization" have occurred, and that they carry an increased risk of heart attack or stroke. Some herbal products now call their ingredients "natural SARMs"; the claim we checked rested on a study in castrated mice.
- Proprietary blends that hide individual doses.
- "Testosterone boosters" sold as muscle builders: herbs at a fraction of their studied dose will not replace training.
- Under-dosed creatine (below 3 g a day).
- Promises such as a 95% increase in muscle mass.
A product that does not contain creatine or protein at a real dose is selling its other ingredients on faith. Read each full review for the label, the dose check and the refund terms before buying.
Sources: Kreider et al. 2017, ISSN position stand on creatine · Jäger et al. 2017, ISSN position stand on protein · FDA, bodybuilding products and SARMs